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The TOP 8 balance sheet figures for food retailers
Katharina Rösner
Okay, let's be honest: The topic of balance sheets is anything but sexy for most farmers, grocers and delivery services. But as my grandma said: The money is earned in the office. Only those who know their figures will be successful in the long term. So let's go - into the topic of balance sheets and which key figures are important for your long-term success.
One balance sheet Is part of Financial statements. It provides Assets and liabilities and gives a good overview of finances. Depending on the size and legal form of the company, the tax office requires accounting on. Not every company is in obliges. More about the balance sheet, who must carry out the accounting and which Balance sheet figures There is, you can find out in this article.
Die balance sheet Is next to the Profit and loss statement and the Management report part of Financial statements. At the end of the fiscal year, you create the Annual balance. This is then the Opening balance for the following year, so you only need to create one per year.
For accounting purposes, on the reporting date, you enter the inventory. To do this, you make inventory, in order Count all assets and liabilities or to weigh and add up. The cut-off date is often December 31, but it can also differ if the opening day falls on a different date.
The balance sheet consists of Active page and the passive side. Assets and liabilities always balance each other out. On the active side, there is Wealth structure, on the passive side, the capital structure. They are further subdivided into fixed assets and Current assets as well as equity and Debt capital. Fixed assets correspond to equity, current assets to borrowed capital. Equity and debt capital together make up the Total capital.
Debt capital Describes the capital of your company, which is contributed from outside through loans, for example. Loans and loans belong to long-term borrowed capital and are debts that you have owed to third parties for more than five years. Short-term borrowed capital On the other hand, liabilities are outstanding for a maximum of one year. Equity is the capital that you contribute or have earned. It is basically a balance post because it serves as an investment to build up the company. Only when you have one Net income earns, it becomes more and a credit post.
that fixed assets can be divided into three sub-categories. That is wealth from Tangible assets, intangible assets and assets from financial investments.
Tangible assets include all material objectsthat help you achieve your operational goal. So real estate, furniture, computers and machines and so on.
Financial investments, on the other hand, are stocks or securities, which you buy as investments in other companies. You then use the profit that you get from this for your company.
With intangible assets, patents or intellectual property rights. company values Can you also identify them as intangible assets if you bought them for a fee.
Current assets On the other hand, describes assets that are not in the long term as Assets available stands, but only short time. This includes, for example, inventories or receivables as well as raw and auxiliary materials. But also liquid assets belong to this, i.e. positive Bank balances and cash balances. Current assets are not linked to investments.
When you fixed assets If you want to report on the balance sheet, you have to consider that it wear-resistant systems There is. With these, you must have a depreciation Do because it makes them a consumption of values is coming. You are guided by the normal operating time of a device or object. These wear-and-tear facilities include houses and machines.
You simply report tangible assets that are not depreciated at the purchase price. The fixed asset only contributes to the profit when you have made a depreciation.
You usually draw up the balance sheet when you are required to do so. Die Accounting obligation Legally writes a double bookkeeping before and during the preparation of the annual financial statements.
Companies subject to accounting obligations are, for example partnerships. These include open trading companies (OHG) and limited partnerships (KG). However, you don't have to publish the balance sheet. corporations Like a ltd or entrepreneurial companies (UG) are also required to keep a balance sheet and must they also be included in Federal Gazette published by the Federal Ministry of Justice. This should be the Creditors' security serve. A GmbH is loud Commercial Code also required to publish their equity.
The accounting requirement also includes merchants. However, the condition here is that the annual turnover under 600,000 euros lies and the wins are not higher than 60,000 euros. Companies and associations can use the balance sheet as a basis. Exempted from the balance sheet obligation are small business owners, freelancers and entrepreneurs with small businessesbecause they do not exceed the annual turnover and profit limits.
If you are exempt from duty, all you have to do is simple bookkeeping operate and it's enough to have a YOURS, income surplus statement, to carry out. It is, of course, still allowed to carry out the balance sheet.
The balance sheet can then parsed Become what are different Balance sheet figures surrender. There is vertical and horizontal Balance sheet figures. The balance sheet figures, which are shown in each case in the capital structure and the Wealth structure be set in relation to each other.
The vertical balance sheet figures are Equity ratio And the Debt capital ratio as well as the statistical debt ratio, which you can calculate from equity and debt capital. In addition, the investment intensity And the Circulatory intensity, which you calculate from fixed and current assets.
The horizontal balance sheet figures are Liquidity levels, who Coverage rate And that Working Capital.
Die Circulatory intensity Indicates how firm that Current assets tied up in the company is. It results from the division of current assets by total assets. With a high circulation intensity Can a company react well and quickly to the market and its liquid assets flexibly use. It can be increased through efficient use of operating materials or raw materials.
Die investment intensity describes the ratio of fixed assets and total assets. If you divide fixed assets by the total ratio, the result of Intensity as low as possible default, as in this case your assets are not derived from your investments.
Die Equity ratio should As high as possible be, as it shows that you have little outside capital. It represents the ratio of equity to company capital. They are calculated by dividing equity by total capital.
It is good when the Debt capital ratio as low as possible is. This shows investors yours creditworthiness and liquidity on. You calculate it by dividing the borrowed capital by the total capital.
Den statistical debt ratio Calculate by dividing the borrowed capital by the equity. He provides that Debt and equity ratio represents and should for a good result low default because the equity is then higher than the borrowed capital.
The horizontal figures are derived from the ratio of asset and liabilities to each other. The Coverage level I Describes how this Fixed assets that cover equity. 100% is ideal. The Coverage level II In addition to equity, also receives long-term borrowed capital one. When the coverage level tall is, does that mean that the debts you have for more than 5 years are also covered by fixed assets.
Liquidity levels relate to How liquid is a company. Liquid assets For example, are Bank balances, the current payables enough covers. Die solvency You determine the company with the first degree of liquidity. It describes the ratio of cash and current liabilities. It is calculated by dividing cash and cash equivalents by short-term debt capital.
For second-degree liquidity, monetary current assets are divided by current liabilities. Here too, this should Current assets that cover liabilities. If the liquidity ratio is below 100 percent, the company's solvency is at risk.
The third level of liquidity describes the division of current assets by current liabilities. If the value too high Is — speak over 120 percent is — is this a sign that too much wealth is tied up in the company.
Working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities. The more working capital is available, the more liquidity the company has. There is that working capital financed over the long term of the company.
Accounting may seem annoying for now, but it also has a number of advantages.
If you have analyzed the balance sheet figures, you will get a good Overview of your finances. The figures are meaningful And you can do better Business Decisions meet. They also show where there is the potential to convert committed capital into liquid assets.
When setting up your company, you draw up your opening balance sheet and close the financial year with the annual balance sheet. In addition, you calculate the balance sheet figures, which you then directly compare can to determine where it is variances There is.
If you not only record the balance sheet figures, but also publish the balance sheet, you can give other companies your creditworthiness prove. Companies that are required to publish also give their creditors surety.
Die Accounting obligation Is at the legal form bound by companies and bound to Turnover and profit limit of 600,000 euros and 60,000 euros. Die balance sheet items have less significance than the Balance sheet figures. Recording them is particularly important for comparison and to identify deviations. Die balance sheet analysis is made easier for you by accounting software used, for example from LexOffice and sevdesk.
Well, that's it folks. Of course, the topic remains slightly dry. But with this blog summarized at least in a compressed form. And maybe you feel like using what you've learned more in your food marketing or direct marketing in the future.
And the best part: FrachtPilot Of course, it will also help you with preparing your balance sheet! Why Because using FrachtPilot as a database, you can simply add all the necessary sales figures with a Click export can. It couldn't be easier. With FrachtPilot, you have an essential tool to set up your delivery service or grocery store economically in the long term.
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